<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="https://cpw.cvlcollections.org/items/show/400">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Compounding effects of human development and a natural food shortage on a black bear population along a human development-wildland interface]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[Black bear]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[Human-bear conflict]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[Integrated population model]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[Spatial capture-recapture]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[Human development and climate change are two stressors that threaten numerous wildlife populations, and their combined effects are likely to be most pronounced along the human development-wildland interface where changes in both natural and anthropogenic conditions interact to affect wildlife. To better understand the compounding influence of these stressors, we investigated the effects of a climate-induced natural food shortage on the dynamics of a black bear population in the vicinity of Durango, Colorado. We integrated 4 years of DNA-based capture-mark-recapture data with GPS-based telemetry data to evaluate the combined effects of human development and the food shortage on the abundance, population growth rate, and spatial distribution of female black bears. We documented a 57% decline in female bear abundance immediately following the natural food shortage coinciding with an increase in human-caused bear mortality (e.g., vehicle collisions, harvest and lethal removals) primarily in developed areas. We also detected a change in the spatial distribution of female bears with fewer bears occurring near human development in years immediately following the food shortage, likely as a consequence of high mortality near human infrastructure during the food shortage. Given expected future increases in human development and climate-induced food shortages, we expect that bear dynamics may be increasingly influenced by human-caused mortality, which will be difficult to detect with current management practices. To ensure long-term sustainability of bear populations, we recommend that wildlife agencies invest in monitoring programs that can accurately track bear populations, incorporate non-harvest human-caused mortality into management models, and work to reduce human-caused mortality, particularly in years with natural food shortages.]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:creator><![CDATA[Laufenberg, Jared S.]]></dcterms:creator>
    <dcterms:creator><![CDATA[Johnson, Heather E.]]></dcterms:creator>
    <dcterms:creator><![CDATA[Doherty, Jr, Paul F.]]></dcterms:creator>
    <dcterms:creator><![CDATA[Breck, Stewart W.]]></dcterms:creator>
    <dcterms:dateAccepted><![CDATA[05/08/2018]]></dcterms:dateAccepted>
    <dcterms:dateSubmitted><![CDATA[10/06/2017]]></dcterms:dateSubmitted>
    <dcterms:issued><![CDATA[06/15/2018]]></dcterms:issued>
    <dcterms:modified><![CDATA[02/21/2018]]></dcterms:modified>
    <dcterms:rights><![CDATA[<a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-NC/1.0/">IN COPYRIGHT - NON-COMMERCIAL USE PERMITTED</a>]]></dcterms:rights>
    <dcterms:isPartOf><![CDATA[Biological Conservation]]></dcterms:isPartOf>
    <dcterms:format><![CDATA[application/pdf]]></dcterms:format>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[28 pages]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:language><![CDATA[English]]></dcterms:language>
    <dcterms:type><![CDATA[Article]]></dcterms:type>
    <dcterms:bibliographicCitation><![CDATA[Laufenberg, J. S., H. E. Johnson, P. F. Doherty, and S. W. Breck. 2018. Compounding effects of human development and a natural food shortage on a black bear population along a human development–wildland interface. Biological Conservation 224:188–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2018.05.004]]></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
</rdf:Description></rdf:RDF>
