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                  <text>Canine Distemper
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Canine distemper is a viral disease of wild and domestic carnivores with a
wide range of symptoms. Neurologic signs are indistinguishable from rabies.

Species Affected in Colorado
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Raccoons
Coyotes
Skunks
Foxes
Black-footed ferrets (endangered)

What to Look For
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Abnormal behavior
Incoordination, seizures
Weakness, slow-moving
Crusting around eyes and nose
Other general signs of illness
Raccoon with distemper showing discharge from eyes.

Cause and Transmission
Canine distemper is a contagious disease of carnivores, caused by canine distemper virus (CDV). The signs of CDV
are not always the same and depend on the species and how long the animal has been infected. Sick animals often
have difficulty moving, and can act abnormally due to brain infections. Crusting around the eyes and/or nose is
commonly observed, while other signs like coughing, diarrhea, vomiting, and thickened paw pads tend to be less
obvious. Sick animals usually do not survive. Spread of the virus is mostly by direct contact with infected animals
as the virus does not survive long outside the body. Numerous sick raccoons in a localized region of Colorado are a
likely sign of a CDV outbreak. However, because CDV can cause symptoms that are indistinguishable from rabies,
CDV cannot be definitely differentiated from rabies without testing of the brain (see CPW rabies fact sheet).

Public Health Considerations

Because distemper cannot be definitively distinguished from rabies without testing of the brain, sick
animals that have contacted people or pets should be tested for rabies. Please report any contact with
wild animals to your local department of public health. Canine distemper cannot be transmitted to
humans, but may be transmitted to unvaccinated domestic dogs. Please refer to your veterinarian for
proper vaccination protocols for your pets.

Additional Information/References
Canine Distemper, in Infectious Diseases of Wild Mammals (Author: Elizabeth S. Williams)
Rev 03/2017

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