Epidemiological differences between sexes affect management
efficacy in simulated chronic wasting disease systems
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Title
Epidemiological differences between sexes affect management
efficacy in simulated chronic wasting disease systems
efficacy in simulated chronic wasting disease systems
Description
- Sex-based differences in physiology, behaviour and demography commonly result in differences in disease prevalence. However, sex differences in prevalence may reflect exposure rather than transmission, which could affect disease control programmes. One potential example is chronic wasting disease (CWD), which has been observed at greater prevalence among male than female deer.
- We used an age- and sex-structured simulation model to explore harvest-based management of CWD under three different transmission scenarios that all generate higher male prevalence: (1) increased male susceptibility, (2) high male-to-male transmission or (3) high female-to-male transmission.
- Both female and male harvests were required to limit CWD epidemics across all transmission scenarios (approximated by R0), though invasion was more likely under high female-to-male transmission.
- In simulations, heavily male-biased harvests controlled CWD epidemics and maintained large host populations under high male-to-male transmission and increased male susceptibility scenarios. However, male-biased harvests were ineffective under high female-to-male transmission. Instead, female-biased harvests were able to limit disease transmission under high female-to-male transmission but incurred a trade-off with smaller population sizes.
- Synthesis and applications. Higher disease prevalence in a sex or age group may be due to higher exposure or susceptibility but does not necessarily indicate if that group is responsible for more disease transmission. We showed that multiple processes can result in the pattern of higher male prevalence, but that population-level management interventions must focus on the sex responsible for disease transmission, not just those that are most exposed.
Bibliographic Citation
Rogers, W., E. E. Brandell, and P. C. Cross. 2022. Epidemiological differences between sexes affect management efficacy in simulated chronic wasting disease systems. Journal of Applied Ecology 59:1122-1133. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14125
Creator
Rogers, WIll
Brandell, Ellen E.
Cross, Paul C.
Subject
Chronic wasting disease (CWD)
Demography
Disease ecology
Harvest management
Extent
12 pages
Type
Article
Format
application/pdf
Language
English
Is Part Of
Journal of Applied Ecology
Date Accepted
2021/12/31
Date Issued
2022/01/29
Date Submitted
2021/05/28
Collection
Citation
Rogers, WIll, Brandell, Ellen E., and Cross, Paul C. , “Epidemiological differences between sexes affect management
efficacy in simulated chronic wasting disease systems,” CPW Digital Collections, accessed September 12, 2024, https://cpw.cvlcollections.org/items/show/389.
efficacy in simulated chronic wasting disease systems,” CPW Digital Collections, accessed September 12, 2024, https://cpw.cvlcollections.org/items/show/389.