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ID: Outdoor Facts: Game Information Leaflet (1965-1996)
Outdoor Facts: Game Information Leaflet (1965-1996)
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view first image of Outdoor Facts: Game Information Leaflet (1965-1996)
Outdoor Facts: Game Information Leaflet (1965-1996)
Description:Short (1-5 page) leaflets that served as in-house scientific notes. The series was published from 1965-1996. The first 106 leaflets were published from 1965-1980; the last ten published sporadically until 1996. Leaflets are combined in one pdf file (with bookmarks). Leaflet numbers and titles are below. Print copies located in CPW Research Library: SK 351 .G21
# Title  Author
1 Upland game bird facts  Sandfort, Wayne W.
2 Care of big game hides  
3 Wild turkey hunting techniques  Burget, Martin L.
4 Productivity rates, age classes, and sex ratios of spring-caught beavers in Colorado  Rutherford, William H
5 Artificial revegetation on big game winter ranges White, Claude E., Jr.
6 Some effects of heavy use on browse plants  Shepherd, Harold R
7 Sex determination in dressed elk carcasses  Denney, Richard N.,
8 Warbles of cottontail rabbits  Pillmore, Richard E.
9 Lungworms in Colorado  Pillmore, Richard E.
10 Lungworm in bighorn sheep  Pillmore, Richard E.
11 Buffalo peaks bighorn seasons  Pillmore, Richard E.
12 Rabies and wildlife  Pillmore, Richard E.
13 Lungworm and lambs  Pillmore, Richard E.
14 Effects on pheasants of certain insecticides applied under modified field conditions in eastern Colorado : a thesis summary  Tigner, James R
15 Aging pheasant embryos  Sandfort, Wayne W.
16 Incubation, brooding, and care of pheasants  Mansfield, Willis G.
17 Relationship of pheasant weights to winter stress and starvation  Swope, Harold M
18 The history, function and establishment of exclosures in Colorado big game management  Baker, Bertram D.
19 Controlling rubber rabbitbrush with 2,4-D  Smith, Donald G
20 Colorado big game species as possible vectors of some livestock diseases  Denney, Richard N.,
21 Procedures in the appraisal of big game use of stacked alfalfa or native hay  Boyd, Raymond J
22 Duck wing surveys  Hopper, Richard M
23 Two condition indices of the Cache la Poudre mule deer herd and their application to management  Anderson, Allen E
24 Pellet group deposition rates for captive deer  McKean, William T.
25 Techniques for census of scaled quail  Hoffman, Donald M
26 Mourning dove migration in Colorado  Funk, Howard D.
27 Evaluation of a combined blue grouse-wild turkey hunting season  Myers, Gary T.
28 rev The effects of small rodents on deer winter range  Shepherd, Harold R
28 The effects of small rodents on deer winter range  Shepherd, Harold R.
29 Reliability of turkey sex and age ratio data based on hunter report card returns  Myers, Gary T.
30 Aerial waterfowl census techniques  Rutherford, William H
31 Browse range transects : purposes and guidelines for establishment  Baker, Bertram D.
32 An automatic camera recorder for census and identification of wildlife  Snyder, Warren D
33 Factors that should be considered in determining techniques for sexing and aging the southern white-tailed ptarmigan, lagopus leucurus altipetens  Rogers, Glenn E
34 Sex and age ratios of deer harvested under a hunters-choice, multiple-license hunting season  Rogers, Glenn E
35 Preparation of a potting medium for plants  Webster, Lawrence A.
36 Capturing big game animals by the use of drugs  Gordon, David F.
37 Weather and sage grouse productivity  Gill, R. Bruce
38 Yield and utilization of three deer winter range browse species  Medin, Dean E
39 General information on food and cover requirements of grouse in Colorado  Rogers, Glenn E
40 Chronology of waterfowl migration in Colorado  Rutherford, William H
41 Renovation of oakbrush habitat as a range improvement project for game clubs. Shepherd, Harold R
42 Survival of mountain mahogany transplants on two sites, Little Hills experiment station, Rio Blanco County, Colorado, 1965  McKean, William T.
43 A technique for mapping wildlife habitat in farmland areas  Snyder, Warren D
44 Deer mirrors : do they work? Boyd, Raymond J
45 Merriam's turkey roost preferences on mountain ranges  Hoffman, Donald M
46 Field methods for determination of sex and age of mourning doves  Funk, Howard D.
47 Use of paint for marking deer pellet-groups : a thesis summary  Kufeld, Roland C
48 Nesting structures for Canada geese  Grieb, Jack R
49 Sex and age determination of sage grouse from wing characteristics  Beck, Thomas D. I.
50 Photographic backdrop : a range study aid  Baker, Bertram D.
51 The Barbary sheep  Gordon, David F
52 Aids for the Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep hunter in Colorado. Tully, Robert J.
53 Effects of hunting on the selection of resting areas by mallards in west-central Colorado  Sandfort, Wayne W.
54 Determination of age and sex of the southern white-tailed ptarmigan  Braun, Clait E
55 Visual sex determination of mountain goats as related to selective hunting potential  Hibbs, L. Dale
56 The pheasant crowing count census and factors affecting its reliability  Swope, Harold M
57 Deer trapping and tagging results at the Little Hills Experiment Station. Bartmann, Richard M
58 Canada goose populations of Colorado  Grieb, Jack R
59 Pellet-plot robot : an aid in making pellet-group counts. Shepherd, Harold R
60 The breeding season in migratory mule deer  Anderson, Allen E
61 Air-ground comparison counts of breeding ducks in the San Luis Valley  Hopper, Richard M
62 Gestation periods, litter sizes, and breeding habits of Colorado furbearers  Rutherford, William H
63 A device for opening deer and elk jaws  Kufeld, Roland C.
64 Techniques for measuring shrub crown intercept when employing the line intercept method of sampling range vegetation  Baker, Bertram D.
65 A modified gallinaceous guzzler for scaled quail  Snyder, Warren D
66 Survival of transplanted cholla cacti  Hoffman, Donald M
67 Sagebrush vegetation before and six years after 2,4-D application  Anderson, Allen E
68 The microscopic technique in food habit studies  Bear, George D
69 Evaluation of aerial antelope census technique. Bear, George D
70 Antelope transplants in Colorado  Bear, George D
71 Antelope and net-wire fences  Bear, George D
72 Traps for controlling magpies  Kufeld, Roland C
73 Techniques for determining potentially critical deer highway crossings  Reed, Dale F.
74 Guidelines for range type-conversion projects in sage grouse range  Swope, Harold M
75 A pulsating light for identifying animals at night  Prenzlow, Edgar J.
76 A quadrat count system for estimating game population. Gill, R. Bruce
77 Deer-mirrors : a clearer picture  Gordon, David F
78 Guidelines for improving scaled quail habitat  Snyder, Warren D
79 A carrying crate for deer  Bartmann, Richard M.
80 Glossary of selected animal behavior definitions  Prenzlow, Edgar J.
81 Fencing for mule deer  McKean, William T.
82 Recommended practices in habitat management for pheasants in eastern Colorado  Snyder, Warren D.
82 rev. Recommended habitat management practices for pheasants in eastern Colorado  Snyder, Warren D
83 An effective turtle trap  Crawford, Gurney I.,
84 Evaluation of the Piceance Creek meadow deer count  Bartmann, Richard M
85 Use of ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixtures in blasting potholes for wildlife  Hopper, Richard M
86 Determination of blue grouse sex and age from wing characteristics  Braun, Clait E
87 Stocking rates for mule deer and livestock on certain pinõn-juniper areas  McKean, William T.
88 Breeding dates of Colorado elk as estimated by fetal growth curves  Boyd, Raymond J
89 Influence of livestock and mule deer upon vigor of Indian ricegrass and tufted phlox on a pinõn-juniper range  McKean, William T.
90 Status of mountain goats in Colorado  [William H Rutherford] Rutherford, William H
91 Guidelines for evaluation of mountain goat transplant sites in Colorado  Rutherford, William H
92 Status of transplanted bighorn sheep in Colorado  Rutherford, William H
93 Guidelines for evaluating bighorn sheep transplanting sites in Colorado  Rutherford, William H
94 A video time-lapse system for wildlife surveillance  Reed, Dale F.
95 Techniques for supplementing diet, attracting and baiting bighorn sheep  Rutherford, William H
96 The relation of three physical condition indices of mule deer  Pojar, Thomas M
97 Guidelines for estimating deer numbers in connection with claims of damage to growing crops. Bartmann, Richard M
98 Postmortem thigh temperatures in mule deer  Reed, Dale F.
99 Seeding roadsides for pheasant nesting cover  Snyder, Warren D
100 Documenting lead poisoning in waterfowl  Adrian, William J.
101 A volunteer wing collection station  Hoffman, Richard W
102 Guideline to selecting rates of nitrogen fertilizer to increase herbage production on sagebrush winter ranges. Carpenter, Len H
103 A night-viewing device to monitor activities of wildlife  Carpenter, Len H
104 A life-table for managing deer populations  Freddy, David J.
105 Heart-rate measurements in mule deer research  Freddy, David J
106 Procedures for rearing wild ruminants in captivity  Neil, P. H.
107 Winter foods of mule deer in Piceance basin  Bartmann, Richard M
108 Shrub thicket establishment in Colorado's high plains  Snyder, Warren D
109 Appraisal of a quadrat census for mule deer in pinyon-juniper vegetation  Bartmann, Richard M
110 Portable computer system for field processing biotelemetry triangulation data  White, Gary C.
111 Identification of grouse species by hunters in northwestern Colorado : Implications for management  Giesen, Kenneth M
112 Expanding telemetry collar for elk calves  Bear, George D
113 Establishing switchgrass for wildlife in eastern Colorado  Snyder, Warren D
114 Bottle-raising wild ruminants in captivity. Wild, Margaret A.
115 Habitat management for upland game birds on eastern Colorado sandhill rangeland. Snyder, Warren D
116 Colorado pronghorn compatibility and conflicts with agriculture. Pojar, Thomas M.
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ID: Owens-Hall Fish Passage Structure Evaluation
Owens-Hall Fish Passage Structure Evaluation
Type:
Subjects:
Item
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Owens-Hall Fish Passage Structure Evaluation
Description:

Led By

Fitzpatrick, Ryan

Project Status

Ongoing

Research Objective

Determine the amount and timing of native fish movement through the Owens-Hall fish passage structure.

Collaborators

Paul Foutz, Colorado Parks and Wildlife; David longrie and Kirsta Scherff-Norris, Colorado Springs Utilities

Project Description

Fountain Creek, Colorado, has a relatively intact native fish community that is dominated by the Species of Concern Flathead Chub, Platygobio gracilis and is also home to the state threatened Arkansas Darter, Etheostoma cragini. The native species community is strongest in the lower section of Fountain Creek, which is also the longest stretch of stream without a barrier (58-km). The first barrier that fish can encounter in this reach is the Owens-Hall diversion. To increase the stream reach available to native plains fishes, Colorado Springs Utilities installed a rock ramp fish passage structure on the diversion. This fishway was designed to act as a template to be used for barriers farther upstream. If this structure is effective at fish passage, it can be used as a relatively inexpensive template to increase connectivity within Fountain Creek and along the Front Range of Colorado. The purpose of this project is to evaluate the effectiveness of the Owens-Hall fish passage structure.

Three PIT tag reading arrays were used to be able to detect partial movement and direction of movement Flathead Chub were collected by electrofishing below the fish passage structure. All fish were checked for a PIT tag. Deploying of PIT tags consisted of sanitizing all scalpels, tags, and sutures in ethanol. An incision was made ventrally into the fish’s body cavity just posterior to the left pectoral fin. The 12-mm half-duplex Oregon RFID PIT tag was inserted and one suture was applied with two half-hitch knots.

Evaluation of the fish passage structure is ongoing, but Flathead Chub have been documented swimming through the fish passage structure. Future research will PIT tag additional species of fish focusing on the area directly downstream of the fish passage structure.

Technical Plans

See the Technical plans for the Owen’s Fish Passage Structure​.  ​

 [show more]
ID: Parasitic infection increases risk-taking in a social, intermediate host carnivore
Parasitic infection increases risk-taking in a social, intermediate host carnivore
Type: Article
Subjects: Parasitic infections
Toxoplasma gondii
Wolf
Cougar
Item
view first image of Parasitic infection increases risk-taking in a social, intermediate host carnivore
Parasitic infection increases risk-taking in a social, intermediate host carnivore
Type:Article
Subject:Parasitic infections
Toxoplasma gondii
Wolf
Cougar
Description:Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite capable of infecting any warm-blooded species and can increase risk-taking in intermediate hosts. Despite extensive laboratory research on the effects of T. gondii infection on behaviour, little is understood about the effects of toxoplasmosis on wild intermediate host behavior. Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA, has a diverse carnivore community including gray wolves (Canis lupus) and cougars (Puma concolor), intermediate and definitive hosts of T. gondii, respectively. Here, we used 26 years of wolf behavioural, spatial, and serological data to show that wolf territory overlap with areas of high cougar density was an important predictor of infection. In addition, seropositive wolves were more likely to make high-risk decisions such as dispersing and becoming a pack leader, both factors critical to individual fitness and wolf vital rates. Due to the social hierarchy within a wolf pack, we hypothesize that the behavioural effects of toxoplasmosis may create a feedback loop that increases spatial overlap and disease transmission between wolves and cougars. These findings demonstrate that parasites have important implications for intermediate hosts, beyond acute infections, through behavioural impacts. Particularly in a social species, these impacts can surge beyond individuals to affect groups, populations, and even ecosystem processes. [show more]
ID: Partners in the Outdoors conference guide
Partners in the Outdoors conference guide
Partners in the Outdoors conference
Type: Text
Subjects: Partners in the Outdoors conference
Item
view first image of Partners in the Outdoors conference guide
Partners in the Outdoors conference guide
Partners in the Outdoors conference
Type:Text
Subject:Partners in the Outdoors conference
Description:Schedule of events for the Partners in the Outdoors conference
ID: Patterns and processes of pathogen exposure in gray wolves across North America
Patterns and processes of pathogen exposure in gray wolves across North America
Type: Article
Subjects: Ecological epidemiology
Wolf
Item
view first image of Patterns and processes of pathogen exposure in gray wolves across North America
Patterns and processes of pathogen exposure in gray wolves across North America
Type:Article
Subject:Ecological epidemiology
Wolf
Description:The presence of many pathogens varies in a predictable manner with latitude, with infections decreasing from the equator towards the poles. We investigated the geographic trends of pathogens infecting a widely distributed carnivore: the gray wolf (Canis lupus). Specifically, we investigated which variables best explain and predict geographic trends in seroprevalence across North American wolf populations and the implications of the underlying mechanisms. We compiled a large serological dataset of nearly 2000 wolves from 17 study areas, spanning 80° longitude and 50° latitude. Generalized linear mixed models were constructed to predict the probability of seropositivity of four important pathogens: canine adenovirus, herpesvirus, parvovirus, and distemper virus—and two parasites: Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii. Canine adenovirus and herpesvirus were the most widely distributed pathogens, whereas N. caninum was relatively uncommon. Canine parvovirus and distemper had high annual variation, with western populations experiencing more frequent outbreaks than eastern populations. Seroprevalence of all infections increased as wolves aged, and denser wolf populations had a greater risk of exposure. Probability of exposure was positively correlated with human density, suggesting that dogs and synanthropic animals may be important pathogen reservoirs. Pathogen exposure did not appear to follow a latitudinal gradient, with the exception of N. caninum. Instead, clustered study areas were more similar: wolves from the Great Lakes region had lower odds of exposure to the viruses, but higher odds of exposure to N. caninum and T. gondii; the opposite was true for wolves from the central Rocky Mountains. Overall, mechanistic predictors were more informative of seroprevalence trends than latitude and longitude. Individual host characteristics as well as inherent features of ecosystems determined pathogen exposure risk on a large scale. This work emphasizes the importance of biogeographic wildlife surveillance, and we expound upon avenues of future research of cross-species transmission, spillover, and spatial variation in pathogen infection. [show more]
ID: Pete Cadmus
Pete Cadmus
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Subjects:
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view first image of Pete Cadmus<br />
Pete Cadmus
Description:Aquatic Toxicology Research Scientist

Education

  • Ph.D., Ecology — Colorado State University, 2017
  • M.S., Fish, Wildlife & Conservation Biology — Colorado State University, 2011
  • B.S. in Natural Resource Management, B.S. in Biology, and B.S. in Public Administration and Policy Analysis — University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, 2001
  • Secondary (6th-12th) Teaching License — Colorado State University, 2005
  • NR-EMT

Current or Recent Positions

  • Aquatic Toxicology Research Scientist — Colorado Parks and Wildlife, 2014-Present
  • Aquatic Ecotoxicology Research Associate & Course Instructor — Colorado State University, 2007-2013
  • Benthic Macroinvertebrate and Stream Ecology Researcher — Colorado Parks and Wildlife, 2011-2012
  • Stream Restoration Ecology and Toxicology Researcher — Colorado Parks and Wildlife, 2010-2011
  • Benthic Ecology Consultant — US Fish Wildlife Service, 2010
  • Radio Chemist — Paragon Analytics, Fort Collins, CO, 2001-2003

Selected PublicationsCadmus, P., R. J. Friebertshauser, N. Rhein, S. F. Brinkman, W. H. Clements. 2023. Subcellular Accumulation and Depuration of Zinc in Periphytic Algae during Episodic and Continuous Exposures. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 84:188–198.Kotalik, C.J., J. S. Meyer, P. Cadmus, J. F. Ranville, and W. H. Cements. 2023. Integrated assessment of chemical and biological recovery after diversion and treatment of acid mine drainage in a Rocky Mountain stream. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 42: 512-524.Riepe, T. B., Z. E. Hooley-Underwood, R. E. McDevitt, A. Sralik, and P. Cadmus. 2023. Increased density of Bluehead Sucker larvae decreases critical thermal maximum. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. Kingcade, A., N. Ahuja, A. Jefferson, P. A. Schaffer, H. Ryschon, P. Cadmus, D. Garrity, H. Ramsdell. 2021. Morbidity and mortality in Danio rerio and Pimephales promelas exposed to antilipidemic drug mixtures (fibrates and statins) during embryogenesis: Comprehensive assessment via ante and post mortem endpoints. Chemosphere. 263(127911). Kotalik, C. J., P. Cadmus, W. H. Clements. 2021. Before-After Control-Impact field surveys and novel experimental approaches provide valuable insights for characterizing stream recovery from acid mine drainage. Science of the Total Environment. 771(145419). doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145419Cadmus, P., C. J. Kotalik, A. L. Jefferson, S. H. Wheeler, A. E. McMahon, and W. H. Clements. 2020. Size-dependent sensitivity of aquatic insects to metals. Environmental Science & Technology. 54:955-964. Clements, W. H., P. Cadmus, C. J. Kotalik, B. A. Wolff. 2019. Context‐Dependent Responses of Aquatic Insects to Metals and Metal Mixtures: A quantitative analysis summarizing 24 yr of stream mesocosm experiments. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 38:2486-2496.Fetherman, E. R., P. Cadmus, A. L. Jefferson, and M. K. Hura. 2019. Increasing copper concentrations do not affect Myxobolus cerebralis triactinomyxon viability. Journal of Fish Diseases 42:1327-1331. Kotalik, C. J., P. Cadmus, W. H. Clements. 2019. Indirect Effects of Iron Oxide on Stream Benthic Communities: Capturing Ecological Complexity with Controlled Mesocosm Experiments. Environmental Science & Technology. 53:11532-11540. Cadmus, P., S. F. Brinkman and M. K. May. 2018. Chronic toxicity of ferric iron for North American aquatic organisms: derivation of a chronic water quality criterion using single species and mesocosm data. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 74: 605-615. Cadmus, P., H. Guasch, A. T. Herdrich, B. Bonet, G. Urrea and W. H. Clements. 2018. Structural and functional responses of periphyton and macroinvertebrate communities to ferric Fe, Cu, and Zn in stream mesocosms. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 37: 1320-1329. Kotalik, C. J., W. H. Clements, and P. Cadmus. 2017. Effects of magnesium chloride road deicer on montane stream benthic communities. Hydrobiologia. 799:193-202.Cadmus P., W. H. Clements, J. L. Williamson, J. F. Ranville, J. S. Meyer, and M. J. Gutierrez Gines. 2016. The Use of Field and Mesocosm Experiments to Quantify Effects of Physical and Chemical Stressors in Mining-Contaminated Streams. Environmental Science and Technology. 50:7825-7833.Cadmus, P., J. P. F. Pomeranz, and J. M. Kraus. 2016. Low-cost floating emergence net and bottle trap: comparison of two designs. Journal of Freshwater Ecology. 31:653-658.

Iwasaki Y, P. Cadmus, and W. H. Clements. 2013. Comparison of different predictors of exposure for modeling impacts of metal mixtures on macroinvertebrates in stream microcosms. Aquatic Toxicology. 132: 151-156.

Clements W. H., P. Cadmus P, and S. F. Brinkman. 2013. Responses of aquatic insects to Cu and Zn in stream microcosms: Understanding differences between single species tests and field responses. Environmental Science & Technology 47:7506-7513.​

 [show more]
ID: Phylogeography of moose in western North America
Phylogeography of moose in western North America
Type: Article
Subjects: Dynamics
Evolution
Genome
Mitome
Northwestern
Shiras
Taxonomy
Yellowstone
Item
view first image of Phylogeography of moose in western North America
Phylogeography of moose in western North America
Type:Article
Subject:Dynamics
Evolution
Genome
Mitome
Northwestern
Shiras
Taxonomy
Yellowstone
Description:Subspecies designations within temperate species’ ranges often reflect populations that were isolated by past continental glaciation, and glacial vicariance is believed to be a primary mechanism behind the diversification of several subspecies of North American cervids. We used genetics and the fossil record to study the phylogeography of three moose subspecies (Alces alces andersoni, A. a. gigas, and A. a. shirasi) in western North America. We sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome (16,341 base pairs; n = 60 moose) and genotyped 13 nuclear microsatellites (n = 253) to evaluate genetic variation among moose samples. We also reviewed the fossil record for detections of all North American cervids to comparatively assess the evidence for the existence of a southern refugial population of moose corresponding to A. a. shirasi during the last glacial maximum of the Pleistocene. Analysis of mtDNA molecular variance did not support distinct clades of moose corresponding to currently recognized subspecies, and mitogenomic haplotype phylogenies did not consistently distinguish individuals according to subspecies groupings. Analysis of population structure using microsatellite loci showed support for two to five clusters of moose, including the consistent distinction of a southern group of moose within the range of A. a. shirasi. We hypothesize that these microsatellite results reflect recent, not deep, divergence and may be confounded by a significant effect of geographic distance on gene flow across the region. Review of the fossil record showed no evidence of moose south of the Wisconsin ice age glaciers ≥ 15,000 years ago. We encourage the integration of our results with complementary analyses of phenotype data, such as morphometrics, originally used to delineate moose subspecies, for further evaluation of subspecies designations for North American moose. [show more]
ID: Pigeon Paramyxovirus
Pigeon Paramyxovirus
Type:
Subjects:
Item
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Pigeon Paramyxovirus
ID: Pilot study to assess northern bobwhite response to short-duration intensive grazing on Tamarack State Wildlife Area
Pilot study to assess northern bobwhite response to short-duration intensive grazing on Tamarack State Wildlife Area
Type: Text
Subjects: Northern bobwhites
Northeast Colorado
Tamarack State Wildlife Area
Wildlife management
Item
view first image of Pilot study to assess northern bobwhite response to short-duration intensive grazing on Tamarack State Wildlife Area
Pilot study to assess northern bobwhite response to short-duration intensive grazing on Tamarack State Wildlife Area
Type:Text
Subject:Northern bobwhites
Northeast Colorado
Tamarack State Wildlife Area
Wildlife management
Description:Widespread suppression of historic disturbance regimes have reduced heterogeneity in vegetation communities on which many wildlife rely for various life events and stages. Northern bobwhites require areas of thicker grass cover for nesting within close proximity to more open areas with bare ground and abundant food producing forbs for brood rearing and feeding. Altered or eliminated vegetation disturbance has been implicated in the rangewide decline of northern bobwhite populations. Lack of disturbance on state wildlife areas in Northeast Colorado has caused the vegetation to become uniformly dense and tall which is likely not meeting the needs of all parts of the northern bobwhite life cycle. Some type of disturbance is required to reduce the vegetation biomass and create some of the open structure on which bobwhites rely. Grazing represents one of the only options for disturbance at Tamarack State Wildlife Area and other similar riparian areas in northeast Colorado. Whereas unmanaged continuous grazing has been linked to degradation of bobwhite habitat quality, short-duration intensive grazing holds promise to reduce the vegetation biomass and rejuvenate the habitat to become more attractive to bobwhites. [show more]
ID: Pilot study to evaluate avian response to conservation reserve program mid-contract management practices in northeastern Colorado
Pilot study to evaluate avian response to conservation reserve program mid-contract management practices in northeastern Colorado
Type: Text
Subjects: Conservation Reserve Program (CRP)
Northeastern Colorado
Birds
Wildlife management
Item
view first image of Pilot study to evaluate avian response to conservation reserve program mid-contract management practices in northeastern Colorado
Pilot study to evaluate avian response to conservation reserve program mid-contract management practices in northeastern Colorado
Type:Text
Subject:Conservation Reserve Program (CRP)
Northeastern Colorado
Birds
Wildlife management
Description:The Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) is a government program in which landowners are paid to maintain grass cover on land that was, and would otherwise be, used for row-crop agriculture. Overall, the CRP has had many documented benefits to wildlife, specifically grassland birds, many of which are experiencing range-wide declines due to habitat loss and degradation. However, as CRP fields age with no disturbance, litter increases, bare ground decreases, vegetation density increases, and plant species and structural diversity decrease, which can reduce the value of CRP fields to certain bird species. Therefore, beginning in 2004, some type of “mid-contract management” was required on CRP fields. In northeastern Colorado this management typically consists of haying, disking, or disking and interseeding with forbs. Although there is some evidence that disking and interseeding can provide benefits to ring-necked pheasants in other regions, we lack a thorough understanding of how these various management practices affect pheasants and grassland dependent songbirds in northeastern Colorado. In an effort to provide guidance to managers and landowners regarding grassland management on CRP fields in northeastern Colorado, we will monitor the response of pheasants and songbirds to the three most common CRP mid-contract management practices (haying, disking, disking & interseeding). [show more]