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ID: Columbian sharp-tailed grouse chick and juvenile radio transmitter evaluation
Columbian sharp-tailed grouse chick and juvenile radio transmitter evaluation
Type: Text
Subjects: Columbian sharp-tailed grouse
<em>Tympanuchus phasianellus columbianus</em>
Wildlife management
Item
view first image of Columbian sharp-tailed grouse chick and juvenile radio transmitter evaluation
Columbian sharp-tailed grouse chick and juvenile radio transmitter evaluation
Type:Text
Subject:Columbian sharp-tailed grouse
<em>Tympanuchus phasianellus columbianus</em>
Wildlife management
Description:The Columbian sharp-tailed grouse (CSTG, Tympanuchus phasianellus columbianus) is one of six subspecies of sharp-tailed grouse in North America. CSTG currently occupy 10% of their former range due to habitat loss. Since the initiation of the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), CSTG have increased in distribution and density. Managers desire to improve existing or historically enrolled CRP fields. Research techniques to evaluate the population response of CSTG to habitat treatments (via understanding chick and juvenile demographic parameters) do not exist. Therefore, the objectives of my study are to: 1) evaluate the capture and transmitter attachment technique for day-old CSTG chicks, 2) evaluate the capture and transmitter attachment technique for 30-day-old CSTG chicks, 3) evaluate the capture technique for > 120 day-old CSTG juveniles, and 4) evaluate 2 necklace transmitter attachment designs for female CSTG. [show more]
ID: Columbian sharp-tailed grouse demographic response to habitat improvements
Columbian sharp-tailed grouse demographic response to habitat improvements
Type: Text
Subjects: Columbian sharp-tailed grouse
<em>Tympanuchus phasianellus columbianus</em>
Wildlife habitat improvement
Item
view first image of Columbian sharp-tailed grouse demographic response to habitat improvements
Columbian sharp-tailed grouse demographic response to habitat improvements
Type:Text
Subject:Columbian sharp-tailed grouse
<em>Tympanuchus phasianellus columbianus</em>
Wildlife habitat improvement
Description:The Columbian sharp-tailed grouse (CSTG, Tympanuchus phasianellus columbianus) is one of 6 subspecies of sharp-tailed grouse in North America. Historically its distribution ranged from the northwest in British Columbia to the southwest in Colorado. Isolated populations exist (or formally existed) in Washington, Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, Montana (extirpated), Utah, Nevada (reintroduced) and Oregon (reintroduced) occupying 10% of its former range. Habitat loss and degradation from anthropogenic activities are cited as the primary reasons for its decline with the conversion of native shrub plant communities to agricultural production being the most prevalent. [show more]
ID: Columbian sharp-tailed grouse reproductive ecology and chick survival in restored grasslands of Northwest Colorado
Columbian sharp-tailed grouse reproductive ecology and chick survival in restored grasslands of Northwest Colorado
Type: Text
Subjects: Wildlife Ecology
Columbian sharp-tailed grouse
<em>Tympanuchus phasianellus columbianus</em>
Populations
Item
view first image of Columbian sharp-tailed grouse reproductive ecology and chick survival in restored grasslands of Northwest Colorado
Columbian sharp-tailed grouse reproductive ecology and chick survival in restored grasslands of Northwest Colorado
Type:Text
Subject:Wildlife Ecology
Columbian sharp-tailed grouse
<em>Tympanuchus phasianellus columbianus</em>
Populations
Description:Columbian sharp-tailed grouse (Tympanuchus phasianellus columbianus) populations have declined across their range and now occupy <10% of their historic range. Habitat loss, degradation, and fragmentation are key factors contributing to their range contraction. The start of the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) and establishment of mineland reclamation habitat requirements have contributed to the stabilization of some subpopulations by creating more available habitat, particularly for the breeding, nesting, and brood-rearing seasons. In Colorado these 2 restored habitats, largely on private lands, are important for sustaining sharp-tailed grouse stability in the local population. There is concern about loss of these habitats as CRP plantings age and contracts expire, mineland reclamation is released from bond, and landowners or land use priorities change. [show more]
ID: Community confounding in joint species distribution models
Community confounding in joint species distribution models
Type: Article
Subjects: Colorado bark beetle
Joint species distribution model
Community confounding
Item
view first image of Community confounding in joint species distribution models
Community confounding in joint species distribution models
Type:Article
Subject:Colorado bark beetle
Joint species distribution model
Community confounding
Description:Joint species distribution models have become ubiquitous for studying species-environment relationships and dependence among species. Accounting for community structure often improves predictive power, but can also affect inference on species-environment relationships. Specifically, some parameterizations of joint species distribution models allow interspecies dependence and environmental effects to explain the same sources of variability in species distributions, a phenomenon we call community confounding. We present a method for measuring community confounding and show how to orthogonalize the environmental and random species effects in suite of joint species distribution models. In a simulation study, we show that community confounding can lead to computational difficulties and that orthogonalizing the environmental and random species effects can alleviate these difficulties. We also discuss the inferential implications of community confounding and orthogonalizing the environmental and random species effects in a case study of mammalian responses to the Colorado bark beetle epidemic in the subalpine forest by comparing the outputs from occupancy models that treat species independently or account for interspecies dependence. We illustrate how joint species distribution models that restrict the random species effects to be orthogonal to the fixed effects can have computational benefits and still recover the inference provided by an unrestricted joint species distribution model. [show more]
ID: Comparative recruitment rates of mountain plovers (Charadrius montanus) in eastern Colorado
Comparative recruitment rates of mountain plovers (<em>Charadrius montanus</em>) in eastern Colorado
Type: Text
Subjects: Mountain plover
<em>Charadrius montanus</em>
Colorado
Wyoming
Montana
Wildlife management
Item
view first image of Comparative recruitment rates of mountain plovers (<em>Charadrius montanus</em>) in eastern Colorado
Comparative recruitment rates of mountain plovers (<em>Charadrius montanus</em>) in eastern Colorado
Type:Text
Subject:Mountain plover
<em>Charadrius montanus</em>
Colorado
Wyoming
Montana
Wildlife management
Description:The mountain plover (Charadrius montanus) is a migratory shorebird which breeds on the shortgrass prairies of Colorado, Wyoming, and Montana. Continental population trends suggest a steady decline over the past century. Colorado is considered the stronghold for mountain plovers, as over half of the world’s population is believed to breed in the state. In order to develop conservation strategies for mountain plovers, we must adequately assess the relative value of each of the habitats used for breeding activity in eastern Colorado: grasslands without prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus), grasslands with prairie dogs, and agricultural fields. [show more]
ID: Complex evolutionary history of felid anelloviruses
Complex evolutionary history of felid anelloviruses
Type: Article
Subjects: Bobcat
Puma
Caracal
Canada lynx
Domestic cat
Torque teno virus
<em>Anelloviridae</em>
Item
view first image of Complex evolutionary history of felid anelloviruses
Complex evolutionary history of felid anelloviruses
Type:Article
Subject:Bobcat
Puma
Caracal
Canada lynx
Domestic cat
Torque teno virus
<em>Anelloviridae</em>
Description: noopener">Anellovirus infections are highly prevalent in mammals, however, prior to this study only a handful of anellovirus genomes had been identified in members of the Felidae family. Here we characterise anelloviruses in pumas (Puma concolor), bobcats (Lynx rufus), Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis), caracals (Caracal caracal) and domestic cats (Felis catus). The complete anellovirus genomes (n = 220) recovered from 149 individuals were diverse. ORF1 protein sequence similarity network  coupled with phylogenetic analysis, revealed two distinct clusters that are populated by felid-derived anellovirus sequences, a pattern mirroring that observed for the porcine anelloviruses. Of the two-felid dominant anellovirus groups, one includes sequences from bobcats, pumas, domestic cats and an ocelot, and the other includes sequences from caracals, Canada lynx, domestic cats and pumas. Coinfections of diverse anelloviruses appear to be common among the felids. Evidence of recombination, both within and between felid-specific anellovirus groups, supports a long coevolution history between host and virus. [show more]
ID: Compounding effects of human development and a natural food shortage on a black bear population along a human development-wildland interface
Compounding effects of human development and a natural food shortage on a black bear population along a human development-wildland interface
Type: Article
Subjects: Black bear
Human-bear conflict
Integrated population model
Spatial capture-recapture
Item
view first image of Compounding effects of human development and a natural food shortage on a black bear population along a human development-wildland interface
Compounding effects of human development and a natural food shortage on a black bear population along a human development-wildland interface
Type:Article
Subject:Black bear
Human-bear conflict
Integrated population model
Spatial capture-recapture
Description:Human development and climate change are two stressors that threaten numerous wildlife populations, and their combined effects are likely to be most pronounced along the human development-wildland interface where changes in both natural and anthropogenic conditions interact to affect wildlife. To better understand the compounding influence of these stressors, we investigated the effects of a climate-induced natural food shortage on the dynamics of a black bear population in the vicinity of Durango, Colorado. We integrated 4 years of DNA-based capture-mark-recapture data with GPS-based telemetry data to evaluate the combined effects of human development and the food shortage on the abundance, population growth rate, and spatial distribution of female black bears. We documented a 57% decline in female bear abundance immediately following the natural food shortage coinciding with an increase in human-caused bear mortality (e.g., vehicle collisions, harvest and lethal removals) primarily in developed areas. We also detected a change in the spatial distribution of female bears with fewer bears occurring near human development in years immediately following the food shortage, likely as a consequence of high mortality near human infrastructure during the food shortage. Given expected future increases in human development and climate-induced food shortages, we expect that bear dynamics may be increasingly influenced by human-caused mortality, which will be difficult to detect with current management practices. To ensure long-term sustainability of bear populations, we recommend that wildlife agencies invest in monitoring programs that can accurately track bear populations, incorporate non-harvest human-caused mortality into management models, and work to reduce human-caused mortality, particularly in years with natural food shortages. [show more]
ID: Conservation Assessment and Conservation Strategy for Swift Fox in the United States
Conservation Assessment and Conservation Strategy for Swift Fox in the United States
Type:
Subjects:
Item
view first image of Conservation Assessment and Conservation Strategy for Swift Fox in the United States
Conservation Assessment and Conservation Strategy for Swift Fox in the United States
ID: Contact networks reveal potential for interspecific interactions of sympatric wild felids driven by space use
Contact networks reveal potential for interspecific interactions of sympatric wild felids driven by space use
Type: Article
Subjects: Bobcat
Competition
Development
Exurban
<em>Felis rufus</em>
Mountain lion
Networks
<em>Puma concolor</em>
Urbanization
Wildland–urban interface
Item
view first image of Contact networks reveal potential for interspecific interactions of sympatric wild felids driven by space use
Contact networks reveal potential for interspecific interactions of sympatric wild felids driven by space use
Type:Article
Subject:Bobcat
Competition
Development
Exurban
<em>Felis rufus</em>
Mountain lion
Networks
<em>Puma concolor</em>
Urbanization
Wildland–urban interface
Description:Competitive interactions between species are fundamental to understanding species assemblages, community dynamics, and ecological processes. Anthropogenic landscape change, particularly resulting from urbanization, can alter interspecific interactions; however, different forms of urbanization are predicted to have contrasting effects on competitive interactions. We developed contact networks between bobcats and pumas to evaluate (1) the potential for interspecific interactions between wild felids and (2) how space-use metrics might change along the urban gradient, including low-density exurban development, wildland–urban interface, and wildland habitat, at both the population and individual level. We used an extensive telemetry data set for bobcats and pumas across multiple study areas to evaluate four space-use metrics: space-use overlap (used to define potential interactions among animals) and three additional contact network metrics, including degree (the number of potentially interacting animals), in-strength (sum of space-use overlap for animals), and equivalent social connectivity (ESC; considering both space-use extent and the amount of space-use overlap). Space-use extent was an important predictor of potential social interactions as measured by space-use metrics. Bobcats appeared to have a greater opportunity to interact with female pumas based on space-use overlap, degree, and in-strength, which demonstrates that relative scale of space-use extent among animals could be important for understanding interactions; ESC, however, was greater between bobcats and male pumas, likely due to the larger space-use extent by male compared to female pumas and the positive relationship between space-use extent and ESC. In addition, pumas and male bobcats exhibited a greater opportunity to interact, based on space-use overlap, degree, and in-strength, and demonstrated higher ESC compared to female bobcats. Counter to our predictions, felids associated with urbanized grids or with greater amounts of urbanization in their extent of space use did not appear to exhibit greater values of space-use metrics compared to animals with less exposure to urbanization; these results appear consistent with previous research evaluating population characteristics of felids across broad scales in our study areas. Greater ESC for male pumas and male bobcats suggests that males could be particularly important for facilitating connectivity of some ecological processes, such as the transmission of disease, through interspecific contact networks. [show more]
ID: Containment manual for watercraft inspection and decontamination stations
Containment manual for watercraft inspection and decontamination stations
Type: Text
Subjects: Aquatic nuisance species

ANS
Boating
Inspections
Zebra mussels
Quagga mussels
Item
view first image of Containment manual for watercraft inspection and decontamination stations
Containment manual for watercraft inspection and decontamination stations
Type:Text
Subject:Aquatic nuisance species

ANS
Boating
Inspections
Zebra mussels
Quagga mussels
Description:The State of Colorado has implemented a partnership based, multi-jurisdictional, mandatory watercraft inspection and decontamination program to prevent the spread of Aquatic Nuisance Species (ANS). The purpose of the State of Colorado Containment Manual for Watercraft Inspection and Decontamination Stations (Manual) is to provide standard containment protocols across jurisdictions within Colorado, and potentially across the West. This Manual details the watercraft inspection and decontamination (WID) containment procedures to contain and prevent the overland spread of aquatic nuisance species. These procedures apply to all aquatic nuisance species, both plant and animal, but are strongly focused on zebra and quagga mussels (ZQM). [show more]